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A suggest new. {\displaystyle \lambda } survey a systematic canvassing of persons to collect information, often from a representative sample of the population. portal of entry a pathway into the host that gives an agent access to tissue that will allow it to multiply or act. Copy the code below and paste it where you want the visualization of this word to be shown on your page: Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Simulated anthrax attacks and syndromic surveillance, Rise in HCV infection rates linked to OxyContin reformulation, Can pin-site infection be prevented? sentences. surveillance, active public health surveillance in which the health agency solicits reports. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to other countries in the world. contagion, contamination, corruption, defilement, poison, pollution, septicity, virus, English Collins Dictionary - English synonyms & Thesaurus, Collaborative Dictionary English Thesaurus. The rate at which hair grows can be agonisingly slow. case-control study see study, case-control. The term was first used by Edward Tufte in his book, The Visual Display of Quantitative Information (1983). The fishing line is rated for 30 pounds. risk ratio a measure of association that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome from an epidemiologic study, calculated as the ratio of incidence proportions of two groups. The comparison group provides an estimate of the background or expected incidence of disease (in a cohort study) or exposure (in a case-control study). Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. Emma Thorne Drugs used to target HER2-positive invasive breast cancer may also be successful in treating women in the first stages of the disease, researchers at The University of surveillance, medical monitoring of a person who might have been exposed to an infectious, chemical, radiologic, or other potentially causal agent, for the purpose of detecting early symptoms. transmission, biologic indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent undergoes biologic changes inside the vector as part of its life cycle before it is transmitted to the host (see also transmission, mechanical). This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. 2. . rated the movie excellent; rated him a fine cook. The y-axis, measuring frequency, uses an arithmetic scale. phrases. vector a living intermediary that carries an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (see also transmission, biologic and transmission, mechanical) (e.g., mosquitoes, fleas, or ticks). We were delighted, or at any rate satisfied, with the results. measure of dispersion see measure of spread. In statistics, the frequency and pattern of the values or categories of a variable. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. In epidemiology, force of infection (denoted ) is the rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease. The speed at which the cells settle depends on how many red blood cells clump together. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! Lists. incidence proportion the fraction of persons with new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition during a specified period, calculated as the number of new cases divided by the size of the population at the start of the study period (see also attack rate). Accessed 4 Mar. reservoir the habitat in which an infectious agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies, which can include humans, animals, or the environment. That is to say, Common measures of central location are the mean, median, and mode also called the measure of central tendency. contribucin municipal, impuestos municipales, , . prevalence the number or proportion of cases or events or attributes among a given population. sample a selected subset of a population a sample can be random or nonrandom and representative or nonrepresentative. The rate at which an individual, tissue, or organ grows over time. Populations are followed, and disease, death, or other health-related outcomes are documented and compared. cause-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, cause-specific. Goals: To have real experience in implementing Care of Newborn . Home; infection; Synonyms for infection. outbreak the occurrence of more cases of disease, injury, or other health condition than expected in a given area or among a specific group of persons during a specific period. Rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease, Mathematical modelling of infectious disease, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Force_of_infection&oldid=1142548282, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 01:24. outcome(s) any or all of the possible results that can stem from exposure to a causal factor or from preventive or therapeutic interventions; all identified changes in health status that result from the handling of a health problem. rates of infection. The rate of utilization of energy. mortality rate, age-adjusted a mortality rate that has been statistically modified to eliminate the effect of different age distributions among different populations. synonyms for infection Compare Synonyms bug disease epidemic flu pollution virus contagion corruption defilement germs impurity poison communicability contagiousness insanitation septicity what's going around See also synonyms for: infections antonyms for infection MOST RELEVANT sanitation sterility Track the global spread of coronavirus with maps and updates on cases and deaths around the world. experimental study see study, experimental. Learn a new word every day. heart rate or heart rhythm problems, chest pain or discomfort, pain or tingling in the hands or feet, and fatigue. Which area in the Western Hemisphere has the highest HIV, The coauthors of the report published in Health Affairs found that hepatitis C, (20) This trial found no significant difference in, In a nationwide Canadian study, (1) researchers aimed to determine repeat HCV, Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if a disposable draping system is superior to reusable draping material in prevention of ICEDIs and hence lowering of the, Consider using non-sterile gloves during minor skin excisions (even those that require sutures) because the, In understanding the transmission dynamics in area-specific malaria epidemiological studies, the determination of Plasmodium sporozoite, A FREE screening service in Coventry has been rolled out by a sexual health charity to slash the HIV. Two common types are cohort studies and case-control studies. The graphic states that new HIV infections fell 8% from 2015 to 2019, after a period of general stability. Toxoplasmosis Q fever Influenza Toxocara A Word From Immediate Delivery. The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed or written as number per minute. symptom any indication of disease noticed or felt by a patient. study, experimental a study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each person (clinical trial) or community (community trial) then follows the persons or communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way. host factor an intrinsic factor (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, sex, or behaviors) that influences a persons exposure, susceptibility, or response to an agent. Surgical site infection rate in India has varies from 2.5% to 41.9%. 1. the amount of a charge or payment with reference to some basis of calculation: a high rate of interest on loans. normal distribution a distribution represented as a bell shape, symmetrical on both sides of the peak, which is simultaneously the mean, median, and mode, and with both tails extending to infinity. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. epidemiologic triad the traditional model of infectious disease causation having three components: an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together so that disease occurs. {\displaystyle \lambda } Isolation refers to separation of ill persons; quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons. Organizationally, NCHS is a component of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, one of the agencies of the US Department of Health and Human Services. {\displaystyle 1/A} The percentage of individuals afflicted with an illness who die as a result of it. denominator the lower portion of a fraction; used in calculating a ratio, proportion, or rate. . mean (or average) commonly called the average; it is the most common measure of central tendency. https://www.thefreedictionary.com/infection+rate, [Middle English, from Old French, from Medieval Latin, [C15: from Old French, from Medieval Latin, to estimate or be estimated, with regard to worth, merit, value. pandemic an epidemic occurring over a widespread area (multiple countries or continents) and usually affecting a substantial proportion of the population. a performance that didn't rate very high. In epidemiology, particularly for an outbreak investigation, a case definition specifies clinical criteria and details of time, place, and person. mortality rate, sex-specific a mortality rate among either males or females. 2023 Reverso-Softissimo. In this study, we used a spherically symmetric compartmental ODE model to track the HIV viral dynamics in the LN and predict the contribution of ongoing replication within the LN to the whole-body proviral pool in an ARV-suppressed . variable, continuous a variable that has the potential for having an infinite number of values along a continuum (e.g., height and weight). A nonspecific laboratory test used as a marker of inflammation. A white blood cell (WBC) count measures the number of white blood cells in a sample of blood. an infecting agency or influence. In this test the speed at which erythrocytes settle out of unclotted blood is measured. The film was rated excellent by 90 per cent of children. antigen any substance (e.g., a toxin or the surface of a microorganism or transplanted organ) recognized as foreign by the human body and that stimulates the production of antibodies. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. Mesoendemic An endemic disease with a moderate rate of infection. You can complete the list of synonyms of infection rate given by the English Thesaurus dictionary with other English dictionaries: Wikipedia, Lexilogos, Oxford, Cambridge, Chambers Harrap, Wordreference, Collins Lexibase dictionaries, Merriam Webster English-Synonyms dictionary : translate English words into Synonyms with online dictionaries. Synonyms for Infection Rates (other words and phrases for Infection Rates). death-to-case ratio the number of deaths attributed to a particular disease, injury, or other health condition during a specified period, divided by the number of new cases of that disease, injury, or condition identified during the same period. rate of infection synonym Black&Red Black&Gold Black&Bluish purple Black&Purple Black&Black table, two-by-two a two-variable table with cross-tabulated data, in which each variable has only two categories. transmission, mechanical indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent does not undergo physiologic changes inside the vector (see also transmission, biologic). propagated outbreak see outbreak, propagated. the condition of suffering an infection. person-time rate the incidence rate calculated as the number of new cases among a population divided by the cumulative person-time of that population, usually expressed as the number of events per persons per unit of time. THE PROBLEM WITH TRUMPS HERD MENTALITY LINE ISNT THE VERBAL FLUB. {\displaystyle \beta } prevalence, point the amount of a particular disease, chronic condition, or type of injury present among a population at a single point in time. Blood to which an anticoagulant has been added is placed in a long, narrow tube, and the distance the red cells fall in 1 hr is the ESR. confounding the distortion of the association between an exposure and a health outcome by a third variable that is related to both. ( ( , , . transmission, direct immediate transfer of an agent from a reservoir to a host by direct contact or droplet spread. outlier a value substantively or statistically different from all (or approximately all) of the other values in a distribution. A. active immunity see immunity, active.. active surveillance see surveillance, active.. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted.. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. latency period the time from exposure to a causal agent to onset of symptoms of a (usually noninfectious) disease (see also incubation period). Sometimes distinguished from an epidemic as more localized, or the term less likely to evoke public panic (see also epidemic). frequency polygon a graph of a frequency distribution in which values of the variable are plotted on the horizontal axis, and the number of observations are plotted on the vertical axis. Performs all aspects of patient care in an environment that optimizes patient safety and reduces the likelihood of medical/healthcare errors. case an instance of a particular disease, injury, or other health conditions that meets selected criteria (see also case definition). clinical disease a disease that has been manifested by its symptoms and features. As a number of major countries have now transitioned to weekly updates, there is no need anymore for immediate updates throughout the day as soon as a new report is released. specificity the ability or a test, case definition, or surveillance system to exclude persons without the health condition of interest; the proportion of persons without a health condition that are correctly identified as such by a screening test, case definition, or surveillance system. cluster an aggregation of cases of a disease, injury, or other health condition (particularly cancer and birth defects) in a circumscribed area during a particular period without regard to whether the number of cases is more than expected (often the expected number is not known). Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Antiviral therapy and cesarean delivery (CD) improve clinical outcomes. Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance virus germ disease epidemic attack contagion contagious disease contagium plague illness prevalence, period the amount of a particular disease, chronic condition, or type of injury present among a population at any time during a particular period. These infections are usually acquired after hospitalization and manifest 48 hours after admission t Hospital Acquired Infections Book Non-sterile gloves are just as effective as sterile gloves in preventing surgical site infection after minor skin surgeries, Detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection in Anopheles stephensi in Punjab, Pakistan, A prospective study to assess risk factors for surgical site infections in a tertiary care center, infantile, generalized GM1 gangliosidosis, Infection Management & Environmental Plan, Infection Prevention & Control Department, Infection Surveillance and Control Program, Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission. morbidity disease; any departure, subjective or objective, from a state of physiological or psychological health and well-being. iSYNONYM. midrange the halfway point, or midpoint, in a set of observations. The frequency with which a gene will be inherited or expressed by identical or fraternal twins. This is usually measured at a time when the subject is completely at rest and in a fasting state. Infection control and hospital epidemiology are akin to public health practice, practiced within the confines of a particular health-care delivery system rather than directed at society as a whole.Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting, whether among patients, from patients to staff, contagious capable of being transmitted from one person to another by contact or close proximity. control in a case-control study, a member of the group of persons without the health problem under study (see also comparison group and study, case-control). study, analytic a study, usually observational, in which groups are compared to identify and quantify associations, test hypotheses, and identify causes. Case-control studies are inherently retrospective. Demonstrates appropriate hand washing techniques to ensure proper infection control and follows universal precautions. the most highly rated player in English football, in those crowded streets he wouldn't rate a second glance, it must rate as one of the most boring films around. I don't mean amount of alcohol consumed, but alcohol addiction/dependency. I want to change some dollars into francs what is the rate of exchange? representative sample see sample, representative. Normal, bell-shaped distributions are symmetrical; the mean, median, and mode are the same. cause, sufficient a factor or collection of factors whose presence is always followed by the occurrence of a particular health problem. Many conditions, including infections, medications, inflammatory diseases, and blood or bone marrow disorders, can cause an abnormal WBC count. mean, arithmetic the measure of central location, commonly called the average, calculated by adding all the values in a group of measurements and dividing by the number of values in the group. numerator the upper portion of a fraction (see also denominator). The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had great societal and health consequences. Antibiotic resistance is one of the leading issues in modern healthcare due to the inability to treat common infections with available antibiotics. bank accounts paying above the average rate of interest. period prevalence see prevalence, period. attribute a risk factor that is an intrinsic characteristic of the individual person, animal, plant, or other type of organism under study (e.g., genetic susceptibility, age, sex, breed, weight). mortality rate, crude a mortality rate from all causes of death for an entire population, without adjustment. scatter diagram (or scattergram) a graphical display of the association between two variables in which a dot is plotted on the graph for each set of paired values for two continuous variables, with one variable plotted on the horizontal axis, and the other plotted on the vertical axis. source (of infection) the person, animal, object, or substance from which an infectious agent is transmitted to a host. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. secondary attack rate see attack rate, secondary. population pyramid a graphical display of the age-sex distribution of a population, constructed with a horizontal histogram of the age distribution of males pointing to the left, and the corresponding horizontal histogram of age distribution of females pointing to the right. Synonym: The number of deaths in 1 year of infants aged 0 to 28 days divided by the number of live births in that same year. Columns are drawn so that their bases equal the class intervals (i.e., so that columns of adjacent intervals touch), and their heights correspond to the class frequencies. (-0001). exposure having come into contact with a cause of, or possessing a characteristic that is a determinant of, a particular health problem. medical surveillance see surveillance, medical. Broad-spectrum antivirals are needed to safeguard against emerging variants and future pandemics. The line graph shows there were 37,800 new HIV infections in 2015, 37,900 in 2016, 36,700 in 2017, 36,200 in 2018, and 34,800 in 2019. It can cause chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. rate of prevalence. 4. retrospective study see study, retrospective. It is used as a test of airway obstruction. Don't be surprised if none of them want the spotl One goose, two geese. Find out what connects these two synonyms. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions? The neonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1,000 live births. Case-control and cohort studies are observational studies (see also study, experimental). infant mortality rate see mortality rate, infant. Herd immunity is based on having a substantial number of immune persons, thereby reducing the likelihood that an infected person will come in contact with a susceptible one among human populations, also called community immunity. measure of central location a central value that best represents a distribution of data. sample, representative a sample whose characteristics correspond to those of the original or reference population. bar chart, deviation a bar chart displaying either positive or negative differences from a baseline. axis one of the dimensions of a graph in a rectangular graph, the x-axis is the horizontal axis, and the y-axis is the vertical axis. The findings come as the efficacy of. The speed of administration of a solution in mL/hr. The study is created by eHealthMe and uses data from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The average age of someone with a breakthrough infection was 42, and it's notable that only one person was known to have a weakened immune system. direct transmission see transmission, direct. URI: abbreviation for upper respiratory infection. An endemic disease with a high rate of infection, especially one affecting people of all ages equally. frequency the amount or number of occurrences of an attribute or health outcome among a population. bias, information systematic difference in the collection of data regarding the participants in a study (e.g., about exposures in a case-control study, or about health outcomes in a cohort study) that leads to an incorrect result (e.g., risk ratio or odds ratio) or inference. ing. Infant mortality rate is a universally accepted indicator of the health of a nations population and the adequacy of its health-care system. In other words, decision tree a branching chart that represents the logical sequence or pathway of a clinical or public health decision. 3. a fixed charge per unit of quantity: a rate of 10 cents a pound. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. association the statistical relation between two or more events, characteristics, or other variables. 2023. It's flattering to know other clubs seem to rate me. continuous variable see variable, continuous. y-axis the vertical axis of a rectangular graph, usually displaying the dependent variable (e.g., frequency number, proportion, or rate). Each cause of death is expressed as a percentage of all deaths, and the sum of the proportionate mortality for all causes must equal 100%. immunity, active resistance developed in response to an antigen (i.e., an infecting agent or vaccine), usually characterized by the presence of antibody produced by the host. droplet spread the direct transmission of an infectious agent by means of the aerosols produced in sneezing, coughing, or talking that travel only a short distance before falling to the ground. contact exposure to a source of an infection; a person who has been exposed. epidemiology, field applied epidemiology (i.e., the application or practice of epidemiology to control and prevent health problems), particularly when the epidemiologist(s) must travel to and work in the community in which the health problem is occurring or has occurred. Synonyms for 'Rate of infection'. All rights reserved. Links to your sources would be appreciated. effectiveness the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results in the field. Good synonyms? relative risk a general term for measures of association calculated from the data in a two-by-two table, including risk ratio, rate ratio, and odds ratio (see also risk ratio). There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam. For a rate, the denominator is usually the midinterval population. Q. population the total number of inhabitants of a geographic area or the total number of persons in a particular group (e.g., the number of persons engaged in a certain occupation). infestation taint, transmission contamination infection, transmission infection taint infectivity transmission poisoning transmission exposure transmission taint contagion infection, taint invasion infection Filters On this page you will find all the synonyms for the word to infection rate. vital statistics systematically tabulated data about recorded births, marriages, divorces, and deaths. 1 vote. Synonym: The average range of beats per minute recorded within a 10-min time frame. is directly proportional to The fascinating story behind many people's favori Can you handle the (barometric) pressure? In epidemiology, force of infection (denoted Based on this situation, temporary measures such as immigration inspections have been implemented since December 30, 2022 to avoid a sharp increase in the inflow of COVID-19 into Japan, and flexible responses will be taken while monitoring the infection situation in China. passive surveillance see surveillance, passive. isolation the separation of infected persons to prevent transmission to susceptible ones. The investigator specifies the type of exposure for each study participant and then follows each persons health status to determine the effects of the exposure. box plot a visual display that summarizes data by using a box and whiskers format to indicate the minimum and maximum values (ends of the whiskers), interquartile range (length of the box), and median (line through the box). Unit-specific infection control data showed that VRE infections decreased by 70% (n = 33 before and n = 10 after) in a 19-month period after the intervention. Parts of speech trial, clinical an experimental study that uses data from individual persons. trial, randomized clinical a clinical trial in which persons are randomly assigned to exposure or treatment groups. prevalence rates. Infection. Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/infection. proportion a ratio in which the numerator is included in the denominator; the ratio of a part to the whole, expressed as a decimal fraction (e.g., 0 2), a fraction (1/5), or a percentage (20%). Die Behrden in Hongkong hatten die Maskenpflicht whrend der Pandemie strikt durchgesetzt. standard error (of the mean) the standard deviation of a theoretical distribution of sample means of a variable around the true population mean of that variable. CDC twenty four seven. Retinopathy. The research was done in environmental disaster areas (Aral District, Kazaly District) and . Of the multiple ways to define central tendency, the most common are the mean, median, and mode. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Another HCV infection after HCV cure most frequent in high risk takers, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions?